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Aurora Innovation — agentic threat model

9.0AIVSS 9.0 · Critical

Aurora Innovation's Aurora Driver represents an extreme-risk agentic profile due to its high autonomy and direct control over physical actuators (vehicles) in public spaces, where any security compromise or perception failure carries immediate life-safety consequences.

OWASP AIVSS score rationale

AIVSS = (CVSS_Base + AARS) × Mitigation_Factor, where AARS = (10 − CVSS_Base) × (Factor_Sum / 10) × ThM
CVSS base 10.0AARS uplift 0.0Factor sum 6.3/10Threat ×1.1Mitigation ×0.9
Autonomy of Action
1.00
Goal-Driven Planning
0.90
Self-Modification
0.10
Dynamic Tool Use
0.90
Persistent Memory
0.50
Contextual Awareness
1.00
Dynamic Identity
0.10
Multi-Agent Interactions
0.40
Non-Determinism
0.60
Opacity & Reflexivity
0.80

Scored with the canonical OWASP AIVSS formula (AIVSS calculator reference); agentic risk factors estimated from the agent’s described capabilities.

MAESTRO 7-layer threat model

Per-layer threats for this agent. Layers tagged “not certain from listing” are general, caveated commentary where the public description didn’t pin that layer.

L1 · Foundation Models⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — The specific deep learning models and foundation architectures used for perception and decision-making are proprietary, but they are highly vulnerable to physical adversarial attacks (e.g., adversarial stickers on road signs) and model evasion techniques.

L2 · Data Operations⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — The data pipelines for continuous learning, mapping, and sensor fusion are not detailed, presenting risks of training data poisoning, sensor spoofing, and localization data corruption.

L3 · Agent Frameworks⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — The proprietary orchestration and planning framework of the Aurora Driver is not described, but threats include planning logic bypasses, unsafe tool/actuator command execution, and failure to handle edge-case scenarios safely.

L4 · Deployment & Infrastructure⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — The on-vehicle hardware, real-time operating systems, and over-the-air (OTA) update mechanisms are not detailed, leaving potential vulnerabilities to physical tampering, CAN bus exploitation, and firmware interception.

L5 · Evaluation & Observability⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — Specific simulation, testing, and real-time safety-driver override monitoring systems are not detailed, creating risks of simulation-to-reality gaps and silent failures of safety-critical monitors.

L6 · Security & Compliance (cross-cutting)⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — While safety is a stated goal, the listing does not specify compliance with automotive cybersecurity standards such as ISO/SAE 21434 or ISO 26262, leaving potential regulatory and audit gaps.

L7 · Agent Ecosystem⚠ not certain from listing

Not certain from the listing — Fleet-wide coordination and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication ecosystems are not detailed, but threats include rogue vehicle-to-vehicle communications and cascading fleet-wide routing failures.

MAESTRO — the 7-layer agentic threat-modeling framework (Cloud Security Alliance / Ken Huang).